Estudios científicos
Early and Late Cardiovascular and Metabolic Responses to Mixed Wine: Effect of Drink Temperature
Abstract:
Aim: Red wine is usually ingested as an unmixed drink. However, mixtures of wine with juices and/or sucrose (mixed wine) are becoming more and more popular and could be ingested at either cold or hot temperature. Although the temperature effects on the cardiovascular system have been described for water and tea, with greater energy expenditure (EE) and lower cardiac workload with a colder drink, little information is available on the impact of temperature of alcoholic beverages on alcoholemia and cardiometabolic parameters. The purpose of the present study was to compare the acute cardiovascular and metabolic changes in response to mixed wine ingested at a cold or at a hot temperature. Methods: In a randomized crossover design, 14 healthy young adults (seven men and seven women) were assigned to cold or hot mixed wine ingestion. Continuous cardiovascular, metabolic, and cutaneous monitoring was performed in a comfortable sitting position during a 30-min baseline and for 120 min after ingesting 400 ml of mixed wine, with the alcohol content adjusted to provide 0.4 g ethanol/kg of body weight and drunk at either cold (3°C) or hot (55°C) temperature. Breath alcohol concentration was measured intermittently throughout the study. Results: Overall, alcoholemia was not altered by drink temperature, with a tendency toward greater values in women compared to men. Early responses to mixed wine ingestion (0-20 min) indicated that cold drink transiently increased mean blood pressure (BP), cardiac vagal tone, and decreased skin blood flow (SkBf) whereas hot drink did not change BP, decreased vagal tone, and increased SkBf. Both cold and hot mixed wine led to increases in EE and reductions in respiratory quotient. Late responses (60-120 min) led to similar cardiovascular and metabolic changes at both drink temperatures. Conclusion: The magnitude and/or the directional change of most of the study variables differed during the first 20 min following ingestion and may be related to drink temperature. By contrast, late changes in cardiometabolic outcomes were similar between cold and hot wine ingestion, underlying the typical effect of alcohol and sugar intake on the cardiovascular system.
Comentarios divulgativos:
Previamente se ha descrito que la temperatura a la que se consumen bebidas como el agua o el té puede tener un efecto a nivel cardiovascular y metabólico. Sin embargo, poca era la información existente sobre el efecto de la temperatura en el caso las bebidas alcohólicas.
Este estudio cruzado y aleatorizado tiene por objetivo determinar los cambios a corto plazo producidos por la ingesta de vino de mezcla a diferentes temperaturas. 14 voluntarios, adultos, sanos, tomaron 400 ml de vino frío (3oC) y/o caliente (55oC). Se les monitorizó durante 120 minutos a nivel cardiovascular, metabólico y cutáneo, y se controló la concentración de alcohol en el aliento.
Se observó que la temperatura no parecía variar la acoholemia. A los 20 minutos de tomar el vino frío aumentaba la presión sanguínea y se reducía el flujo sanguíneo cutáneo, en cambio el vino caliente no aumentaba la presión, pero incrementaba el flujo sanguíneo cutáneo, y en ambos casos se incrementaba el gasto energético y se reducía el cociente respiratorio. A los 60-120 min no se encontraron diferencias en la respuesta las dos bebidas.
