Estudios científicos
Moderate wine consumption measured using the biomarker urinary tartaric acid concentration decreases inflammatory mediators related to atherosclerosis
Abstract:
Objectives: Several studies suggest that moderate wine consumption, particularly red wine, may have benefits for cardiovascular health. Red wine contains a variety of bioactive compounds, including polyphenols like phenolic acids, which have demonstrated anti-inflammatory effects in experimental models. The aim of this study was to assess the anti-inflammatory properties of wine, measured as urinary tartaric acid, a new biomarker of wine consumption.
Design, settings, and participants: One-year longitudinal study that included 217 participants from the PREDIMED trial.
Measurements: Plasma inflammatory biomarkers and urinary tartaric acid were analyzed using xMAP technology and high-performance liquid chromatography, respectively. Multivariable regression analyses were performed to assess the relationship between variations over 1-year in urinary tartaric acid concentrations and 1-year changes in serum inflammatory molecules, including adhesion cell molecules, interleukine-6, tumour necrosis factor alpha, and monocyte chemotactic protein 1. Three categories were built according to tertiles of 1-y changes in urinary tartaric acid.
Results: Using a ROC curve, urinary tartaric acid was corroborated as a reliable biomarker of wine consumption (AUC = 0.818 (95% CI: 0.76; 0.87). In the continuous analysis, participants with higher increases in tartaric acid significantly reduced their concentrations in soluble vascular adhesion molecule (sVCAM-1) after 1-year of follow-up (-0.20 (-0.38; -9,93) ng/mL per 1-SD increment, p-value = 0.031). Moreover, tertiles 2 and 3 of 1-year changes in tartaric acid presented a significant reduction in soluble intercellular cell adhesion molecule (sICAM-1) as compared to tertile 1 (-0.31 (-0.52; -0.10) ng/mL, p-value = 0.014 and -0.29 (-0.52; -0.07) ng/mL, p-value = 0.023, respectively). Participants in the third tertile also exhibited a reduced concentration of sVCAM-1 compared to those in the first tertile (-0.31 (-0.55; -0.06) ng/mL, p-value = 0.035).
Conclusions: Our findings suggest that wine consumption is associated with lower levels of inflammation due to the anti-inflammatory properties of wine compounds.
Comentarios divulgativos:
El consumo moderado de vino es uno de los elementos característicos de la dieta mediterránea. El vino contiene polifenoles, un tipo de compuestos que han demostrado tener propiedades antiinflamatorias.
Esta investigación evaluó si había relación entre los cambios en los niveles de inflamación y los niveles de ácido tartárico en orina, un marcador que se relaciona con nivel de consumo de vino. Los resultados indicaron que el consumo moderado de vino, medido a través de éste nuevo biomarcador se asociaba con una menor inflamación.
La principal ventaja de esta nueva técnica es que refleja los niveles de ingesta de vino de una forma mucho más objetiva que los métodos utilizados habitualmente, que son autoinformados por los participantes y pueden ser menos veraces.
Para realizar esta investigación se utilizaron datos de 217 participantes del proyecto PREDIMED. Personas mayores, residentes en España, que tenían un riesgo cardiovascular elevado, tras un año de seguimiento.
