Estudios científicos
Lifestyle and Lipoprotein(a) Levels: Does a Specific Counseling Make Sense?
Abstract:
Lipoprotein(Lp)(a) is a variant of low-density lipoprotein (LDL), bound to apolipoprotein B100, whose levels are associated with a significant increase in the risk of atherosclerosis-related cardiovascular events, but also to aortic stenosis and atrial fibrillation. Since plasma levels of Lp(a) are commonly considered resistant to lifestyle changes, we critically reviewed the available evidence on the effect of weight loss, dietary supplements, and physical activity on this risk factor. In our review, we observed that relevant body weight loss, a relatively high intake of saturated fatty acids, the consumption of red wine, and intense physical exercise seems to be associated with significantly lower plasma Lp(a) levels. On the contrary, foods rich in trans-unsaturated fatty acids are associated with increased Lp(a) levels. With regard to dietary supplements, coenzyme Q10, L-Carnitine, and flaxseed exert a mild but significant lowering effect on plasma Lp(a).
Comentarios divulgativos:
El objetivo de esta revisión científica es resumir la evidencia sobre el impacto del estilo de vida en la mejora de los niveles en sangre de Lipoproteína (a). Niveles elevados en sangre de esta molécula se relacionada con un mayor riesgo de desarrollar enfermedades cardiovasculares. Modificar los niveles de lipoproteína (a) a través cambios en el estilo de vida parece ser complicado, pero esta revisión de la evidencia sugiere que el consumo de moderado y regular de vino tinto reduce los niveles de lipoproteína (a). No obstante, se debe tener en cuenta que los estudios en humanos disponibles son limitados, con un número pequeño de participantes y duración breve.